Caldo record, frutta e verdura: campi 'bruciati'. A rischio il 70% dei raccolti

Il caldo record di questi giorni sta rovinando la normale crescita di frutta e verdura nei campi, causando perdite enormi. Siccità e alte temperature costringono gli agricoltori ad anticipare i raccolti o limitare le produzioni, ma i danni al settore hanno già superato i 3 miliardi di euro

CHIERI, ITALY - JUNE 25: General view of hresher in action while threshing wheat in a wheat field on June 25, 2022 in Chieri near Turin, Italy. The wheat harvest in Italy this year saw a decrease of 15% due to an ongoing drought that has caused a major loss in production, with the Po Valley hardest hit, increasing pressure on the already tight global supply due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. (Photo by Stefano Guidi/Getty Images)

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L’aumento delle temperature sta causando enormi danni alle coltivazioni, bruciando fino al 70% dei raccolti da nord a sud dell’Italia. Il fenomeno, unito alla siccità che da tutto il 2022 ostacola la ripresa del comparto agricolo, secondo Coldiretti ha già causato 3 miliardi di danni

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Freshly picked tomatoes in containers wait to washed at the factory of Italian chopped tomatoes or polpa company 'Mutti' near Parma, northern Italy, on September 11, 2019. - The 'Mutti' company was founded 120 years ago. Last year, the group, which now employs more than 500 people to which are added 1,200 seasonal workers in summer, has recorded sales of 308 million euros, with an increase of 16.7 percent over a year. (Photo by Miguel MEDINA / AFP) (Photo credit should read MIGUEL MEDINA/AFP via Getty Images)

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“Le scottature da caldo - spiega la Coldiretti - danneggiano in maniera irreversibile frutta e verdura, fino a renderle invendibili”. Non solo le persone soffrono per le alte temperature: a ustionarsi sono anche pomodori, peperoni, albicocche, angurie, meloni e melanzane, che non riescono neppure a crescere per il troppo caldo

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Top view of a field of olive groves being plowed on July 14, 2022 at Ruvo di Puglia.
In Puglia there is still no water crisis but the pre-alarm phase has started.
The heat waves arriving also in Puglia have triggered the alarm especially in the agricultural sector: according to the calculations of Coldiretti Puglia, 80 million cubic meters of water are missing in the artificial reservoirs compared to the total capacity. But what is worrying, Coldiretti continues, is the reduction in production yields of wheat and other cereals, but also that of fodder for feeding animals and vegetables and fruit. In Puglia, the bill paid by agriculture for the drought would amount to over 70 million euros a year, again according to Coldiretti. Furthermore, climate change has caused the rise in water temperature and low tides in the Apulian seas (Photo by Davide Pischettola/NurPhoto via Getty Images)

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"La morsa del caldo - sottolinea la Coldiretti - sta facendo danni a macchia di leopardo lungo la Penisola, con gli agricoltori che cercano di correre ai ripari come possono: ombreggiando i prodotti, anche attraverso erba e foglie come barriere naturali, diradando i frutti sugli alberi, eliminando quelli non in grado di sopravvivere e anticipando i raccolti il più possibile

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LOMBARDY, ITALY - JULY 08: Gigi Tacchini, 50, is a farmer whose fields are located in Santa Cristina e Bissone, around 45 kilometers (28 miles) southeast of Milan, speaks during an exclusive interview in Lombardy, Italy on July 08, 2022. Northern Italy is battling its worst drought in 70 years, with the government recently declaring a state of emergency in five regions due to a lack of rain and sweltering temperatures. Since the beginning of the year in the northwestern Piedmont region, only 94 millimeters (3.7 inches) of rain have fallen against an average of 376 millimeters (14.8 inches). The Lombardy region alone has 61% less water this year than the average of the 2006-2020 period. (Photo by Michele Novaga/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

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I dati sulla produzione rendono bene la portata del problema: -45% mais e foraggi, -20% latte, -30% frumento, -30% riso, -15% frutta e -20% cozze e vongole, uccise dalla mancanza di ricambio idrico nel Delta del Po

Europa infuocata, da Milano a Londra

The prolonged lack of water has caused the slowing of the river flow, favoring the abnormal growth of aquatic plants and algae which absorb part of the oxygen dissolved in the river waters. The situation of the Po in the Torino area suffers from an extreme reduction in water flow due to drought. The very hot days and the lack of rainfall are creating increasing difficulties for farmers and ranchers. The lack of water in the Po river basin was not found mitigated by the weak spring rains. After a consistent period of drought, the Po river and its basin have a water flow rate of less than half the normal. Long-term forecasts do not indicate that in the short term the weather will change with persistent precipitation. Drought is not an unusual phenomenon, but the frequency with which it recurs in recent years is also becoming worrying of the impacts it has on animals, flora, and agricultural activities. (Photo by Mauro Ujetto/NurPhoto via Getty Images)

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La siccità ha infatti aumentato la presenza di acqua marina nel Po e aumentato le zone di "acqua morta", dove a causa degli assalti di insetti e cavallette sono stati devastati decine di migliaia di ettari di terreno coltivato

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Prolonged water shortages have caused damage to farmers by drying out the corn fields that are most exposed to the heat and most difficult to irrigate. The situation of the Po in the Torino area suffers from an extreme reduction in water flow due to drought. The very hot days and the lack of rainfall are creating increasing difficulties for farmers and ranchers. The lack of water in the Po river basin was not found mitigated by the weak spring rains. After a consistent period of drought, the Po river and its basin have a water flow rate of less than half the normal. Long-term forecasts do not indicate that in the short term the weather will change with persistent precipitation. Drought is not an unusual phenomenon, but the frequency with which it recurs in recent years is also becoming worrying of the impacts it has on animals, flora, and agricultural activities. (Photo by Mauro Ujetto/NurPhoto via Getty Images)

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“In questa situazione drammatica - sottolinea la Coldiretti - più di 1 impresa agricola su 10 (11%) è in una situazione così critica da portare alla totale cessazione dell'attività”. Alcune di queste aspettano tempi migliori per riprendere a lavorare, altre hanno chiuso definitivamente i battenti

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A drone view of corn fields at sunset in Castelnovo Bariano, Italy, on July 15, 2022 during the worst drought in 70 years. -A third od Italy's agricultural production is at risk due the drought and poor water infrastructure. Italian government declared the state of emergency in several northern regions because of a prolonged drought and accompanying heat wave that has dried up the Po River, a crucial artery for irrigation. (Photo by Manuel Romano/NurPhoto via Getty Images)

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Ma chi non chiude non se la passa meglio: circa 1/3 del totale nazionale delle aziende (30%) si trova comunque costretta in questo momento a lavorare in una condizione di reddito negativo per effetto dell'aumento dei costi di produzione

progetto ASPAN pane a km Zero; mietitura del grano nel campo in via Lunga, con Roberto Capello (presidente ASPAN) (Bergamo - 2015-07-03, Foto Â©Sergio Agazzi) p.s. la foto e' utilizzabile nel rispetto del contesto in cui e' stata scattata, e senza intento diffamatorio del decoro delle persone rappresentate

A pesare sono soprattutto i rincari per gli acquisti relativi alla produzione: si registrano aumenti dei costi che vanno dal +170% dei concimi al +90% dei mangimi e al +129% per il gasolio, a cui si aggiungono rincari di oltre il 30% per il vetro, del 15% per il tetrapack, del 35% per le etichette, del 45% per il cartone, del 60% per i barattoli di banda stagnata, fino ad arrivare al 70% per la plastica, secondo l'analisi Coldiretti

epa10065354 Pipes at gas compressor station in Mallnow, Germany, 11 July 2022. The compressor station in Mallnow near the German-Polish border has stopped receiving Russian gas through the Yamal-Europe pipeline, which transits Belarus and Poland, since Russian operator Gazprom in May had discontinued usage of the Poland section. Russian state-controlled gas giant Gazprom on 11 July 2022 suspended deliveries of gas to Germany via Nord Stream 1 for scheduled annual summer maintenance works. EPA/FILIP SINGER

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L’aumento dei costi di produzione e delle materie prime dipende non solo dalla situazione climatica, ma risente in particolar modo della crisi energetica dovuta alla guerra in Ucraina

The rice fields in this period should be submerged in water instead the ground is dry and hard. The distressed plants are half the height of normal and are turning yellow before they die. Rice needs a lot of water for its life cycle and the area between Novara and Pavia is in serious shortage, in Novara, on June 23, 2022.
Fabrizio estimates that about 50% of the harvest is compromised at a stage in which the costs are practically all already borne and this could put several producers in difficulty. The very hot days and the lack of rainfall are creating increasing difficulties for farmers and ranchers. The lack of water in the Po river basin was not found mitigated by the weak spring rains. After a consistent period of drought, the Po river and its basin have a water flow rate of less than half the normal. Long-term forecasts do not indicate that in the short term the weather will change with persistent precipitation. Drought is not an unusual phenomenon, but the frequency with which it recurs in recent years is also becoming worrying of the impacts it has on animals, flora, and agricultural activities. (Photo by Mauro Ujetto/NurPhoto via Getty Images)

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L’insieme dei fattori delinea uno scenario drammatico, in un 2022 che in Italia si classifica nel primo semestre come uno degli anni più caldi di sempre, con una temperatura addirittura superiore di 0,76 gradi rispetto alla media storica. Non solo: oltre al caldo, si registrano anche precipitazioni praticamente dimezzate lungo la Penisola